电子束横焊3mm纯铌板的熔池形态研究

高能加速器纯铌超导腔内导体,要求加工后的外表面光滑平整,以保证其特殊性能的要求。在电子束平焊全熔透情况下,超导腔焊缝正面在反冲压力作用下易发生未焊满及塌陷等缺陷。本文采用合适的电子束横焊工艺参数,得到了符合工艺要求的正面余高焊缝。并且建立了3mm厚的高纯铌板横焊过程的二维模型,针对不同的焊接参数分别设计了不同尺寸和形状的熔池,结合VOF算法,模拟焊接熔池里液态金属自由表面存在状态,得到了不同焊接参数下熔池的演变过程。实验结果显示,焊接熔宽随焊接线能量的升高而增大,数值模拟与实验结果较吻合。     

A modified Johnson–Cook model for NC warm bending of large diameter thin-walled Ti–6Al–4V tube in wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Numerical control (NC) warm bending is a proven strategy to form the large diameter thin-walled (LDTW) Ti–6Al–4V tubes, which are typical light-weight and high-performance structural components urgently required in many industries. In virtue of unveiling the thermo-mechanical coupled deformation behaviors, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on Ti–6Al–4V tube within wide ranges of temperatures (25–600 °C) and strain rates (0.00067–0.1 s^?1). Moreover, a modified Johnson–Cook (JC) model is proposed with a consideration of nonlinear strain rate hardening and the interaction between strain hardening and thermal softening. Resultantly, the present model gives more accurate predictions for flow stress over the entire deformation ranges and the maximum error decreases by about 90%. By employing proposed model to NC warm bending, preferable precision is obtained in predicting forming defects including fracture, wrinkling and over thinning. The present work lays foundation for the forming limit prediction and process optimization in NC warm bending of LDTW Ti–6Al–4V tubes.     

锆合金表面磁控溅射与多弧离子镀Cr涂层的高温抗氧化性能

为了研究磁控溅射(MS)和多弧离子镀(MAIP)技术制备Cr涂层的高温抗氧化性能,分别在锆合金表面制备厚度约5μm的Cr涂层。利用氧化动力学曲线对比研究800℃条件下涂层的高温抗氧化性能,利用SEM、XRD、EDS分析涂层表面形貌和相结构。结果表明:磁控溅射和多弧离子镀Cr涂层均能显著提高锆合金的高温抗氧化性能;磁控溅射Cr涂层表面光滑、致密,但涂层表面存在一定数量的孔洞,占涂层表面积0.40%,氧化7 h后涂层表面出现裂纹,单位面积氧化增重6.434 mg/cm2;与磁控溅射Cr涂层相比,多弧离子镀Cr涂层不再有(211)单一择优取向,Cr涂层厚度均匀,表面平整,膜/基界面分明,孔洞相对较少,占涂层表面积0.21%,氧化7 h后涂层表面依然致密,单位面积氧化增重5.616 mg/cm2,高温抗氧化性能优于磁控溅射Cr涂层。     

Joint Monitoring of Ground and Sky for Cereal Crops Based on Scatterometer Measurement and ASAR Images

The joint monitoring of the ground and sky for cereal crops based on microwave data has become a popular method for researches on earth surface objects. Focused on the sensitivity of backscatter from the scatterometer measurement and advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) images to cereal parameters of rice, nine acquisitions, including rice parameters related eco-physiological variables and scattering coefficients, have been carried over the paddy field corresponding to rice growth stages. This paper analyzes the relationship between the corresponding backscatter to the cereal parameters based on the measurement at the interesting bands, polarizations, and incidence angels. Further, a modified water cloud model is built based on the ground measurement and advanced integrated equation model (AIEM), and then cereal parameters from ASAR images are retrieved and verified. The research results show that the sensitivity of backscatter to cereals from the sensor of the radar scatterometer could be helpful to build the retrieve model for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, which can achieve the scientific goals of the joint monitoring of ground and sky for cereal crops.     

A graphene oxide membrane with self-regulated nanochannels for the exceptionally stable bio-oil dehydration

The transport behaviors and nanochannel structures of a graphene oxide (GO) membrane were studied for pervaporation dehydration of bio-oil with a high acidity and a complex composition. The GO membrane showed an unprecedentedly stable water flux of approximately 0.43 kg m⁻² hr⁻¹, with a water content of 97 wt% in the permeate throughout 70 hr of pervaporation testing at 30°C. Both the calculated activation energy for water permeation and X-ray diffraction characterization results confirmed that the nanochannel structures of the GO membrane were temperature- and liquid media-responsive. The molecular intercalation-induced self-regulation of the size of laminar nanochannels in the GO membrane was suggested to be primarily responsible for the significantly reduced membrane fouling and the exceptionally stable pervaporation performance for the GO membrane. The mechanistic insights into the nanochannel structures and antifouling properties would provide important inspiration for the design of novel highly fouling-resistant membrane materials for practical applications.     

Visible emission and energy transfer in Tb3+/Dy3+ co-doped phosphate glasses

In this work, we systematically study the spectroscopic properties of Tb³⁺/Dy³⁺ co-doped phosphate glasses in the visible spectral region and explore the sensitization role of Dy³⁺ in the enhancement of visible fluorescence of Tb³⁺ ions. Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω₂ and Ω₄/Ω₆ of the phosphate glass as host for Tb³⁺ are calculated as 21.60 × 10^-20 cm² and 0.73, respectively, based on the measured spectral absorption. Multiple energy transfer (ET) routes from Dy³⁺ to Tb³⁺ and their efficiencies are characterized, and the enhanced fluorescence properties of Tb³⁺ are investigated, including the emission spectral strength and the spontaneous emission lifetime as functions of Dy³⁺ doping concentration. The efficient nonradiative ET processes between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ allow a moderate concentration level of Tb³⁺ to achieve favorably stronger spectral absorption at blue and ultraviolet wavelengths. Tb³⁺/Dy³⁺ co-doped phosphate glass shows promising potential for phosphors and lasing operation at visible wavelengths.     

近地表采空区处理及残矿开采技术研究与应用

某铅锌矿采用分段空场嗣后法开采,由于充填系统建设滞后导致近地表开采区域遗留大面积采空区及矿柱。针对采空区及残矿赋存现状,运用中深孔顶板及矿柱联合崩落的方式,崩落近地表采空区顶板隔离层及矿柱。采空区顶板及矿柱崩落后利用井下现有出矿系统集中出矿,出矿结束后对采空区进行充填。该技术方案有效消除采空区垮塌的安全隐患同时回采矿柱残矿,为同类矿山采空区处理及残矿回采提供技术参考。